Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain
by Dr. Betty Edwards is without a doubt the best instructional book on drawing I have ever had the pleasure to read! It's one of the few art books that I've finished and not gone away thinking "that was all very nice, but I don't really feel like I've learnt anything". The tagline on the cover reads "A course in enhancing creativity and artistic confidence", and I think it lives up to its claim. The first time I read the book, I noticed a dramatic increase in the quality of my drawings, mainly due to the fact that I felt I finally knew what I was doing. To this day I still have moments when I feel useless, and everything I draw seems childish and ugly, but I put this down to a momentary lapse of self-confidence. At these times, I often flick once more through
Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain, and merely remembering the valuable lessons in the book boosts my confidence enough to get me drawing 'properly' again. So what exactly is in this book that is so amazing?
Drawing was first published in 1979, so there are no revolutionary new methods that nobody has ever heard of before. Just sound, practical advice to release your inner artist. Edwards' idea for the book came from working for years as an art teacher, and trying to find out why so many people find it particularly difficult to learn the skill of drawing. She states that it's all about the way we see, rather than the actual drawing technique. People tend to see what they think they should see, rather than what is actually in front of them. For example, we all know the iris of the human eye is round when seen from the front, so we create a symbol in our mind of a round iris. When seen from the side, the iris becomes elliptical, but because of the symbol we have formed, many of us will draw the iris round, or at least more round than it actually appears. So how can we break free from these mental symbols and learn to draw what we see? The answer, it seems, lies in the right side of the brain.
It is fairly common knowledge these days that the human brain is divided into two parts, the right and left hemispheres, and that each hemisphere is responsible for different aspects of human capabilities. Citing studies carried out by Roger Sperry, Betty Edwards explains how both hemispheres are capable of thinking, reasoning and complex mental functioning, but they utilise different 'modes' (which she calls L-mode and R-mode), L-mode being verbal, rational, and analytical, while R-mode is intuitive, relational and spatial. By purposefully shifting our brains into R-mode, we can silence the talkative left hemisphere, enabling us to see things not in terms of symbols, but in terms of space, tonal value, relationship and so on. This, she claims, is the key to seeing how an artist sees.
There follows a chapter full of exercises designed to get you into R-mode, by presenting the brain with a job that the L-brain will turn down, such as the classic vase, which looks like two faces facing each other, and upside-down drawing, which helps you to stop drawing what you expect to see. A lot of emphasis is placed on drawing 'negative space', that is, drawing the space around an object rather than drawing the object itself. Many of the exercises and examples in the book concentrate on drawing the human face. Edwards says this is because most people complain that the face is very difficult to draw. In fact, no subject should be any more difficult to draw than any other, because we are simply drawing what we see. But our set of symbols for the human face is very well defined - two almond shaped eyes at the top of the face, a mouth which turns upwards in a smile, and so on. So this is why many people struggle with drawing portraits; it's harder to switch to R-mode and forget the symbols.
Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain aims to dispel the myth, which is why there is such emphasis on portraits.
Through learning the techniques in the book, I feel like I've not only improved my drawing technique, but also, by learning how to see clearly and objectively, the world has become far richer and more beautiful than ever before. When I take a bus in the morning, I am constantly observing people's faces and drawing them in my mind's eye. I favor caricatures, so I often look for the most prominent features of a person's face and try to see the caricature as I would draw it on paper.
If you are an artist struggling to produce realistic drawings, I cannot over-emphasise the value of this book. I guarantee it will bring out the artist within you!
Labels: Book Review, Drawing